While NPR produces much more than radio programming these days, it is still known to many as National Public Radio. I’ve always thought that working as a designer for an organization historically known for audio presented a unique opportunity. Unlike other news organizations with a long history of visual journalism in print, the rules for how to tell a story visually at NPR were not well established. This gave me and my colleagues on the NPR Visuals team the freedom to work without preconceived notions and develop new approaches to visual journalism and digital storytelling.

As a senior interaction designer on the team, I applied user experience design best practices to the work of story planning, production, design, and development in the NPR newsroom.

Advancing the practice of user experience design in the NPR newsroom

A diagram illustrating the stages of a hypothesis-driven design project
An overview of the stages in a Hypothesis-Driven Design project. While timelines will depend on the unique needs of the project, this is a common distribution of time: Research 10%, Planning 10%, Prototyping 30%, Development 40%, Launch 5%, and Review 5%. Note that the review arrow points back to the research stage to indicate that the goal of the review stage is to distill what was learned and inform subsequent versions of the project. Read and download the guide.

Hypothesis-driven design for editorial projects

To help teams plan and work on large and complex reporting projects, I wrote a detailed guide titled Hypothesis-Driven Design for Editorial Projects that explains the approach I used at NPR to apply user experience design techniques to digital journalism.

Starting with identifying the goals for a story and proceeding through planning, designing, testing, and launch, the guide offers step-by-step instructions and downloadable templates that can be used by teams to facilitate collaboration throughout the story development process. From advice on leading assumptions meetings, to templates that can be used in group sketching sessions, the guide provides a framework and materials that support a user-centered approach to the planning and testing of stories.

Published by the NPR Training team for use throughout the NPR network, the guide has gained broad interest inside and outside NPR, and continues to serve as a reference for my former team.

Web documentaries and enterprise stories

I often describe the enterprise stories that I have worked on as not just on the web but of the web. To be of the web, it is important to go beyond simply using the web as a delivery mechanism, and focus on the shareable, responsive, and interactive qualities of the platform that make it unique. The projects featured below demonstrate how multiple file types and formats can work in concert to deliver stories as interactive web-native experiences.

A screenshot of the title card for the an enterprise story titled Life After Death about the aftermath of Ebola in Liberia

Life After Death
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Planet Money Makes A T-Shirt
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Rain Forest Was Here
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Borderland
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Refugees In Their Own Country
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Product and platform design

I am a designer that excels at working with multidisciplinary teams to build, measure, and learn in an iterative way. The work below showcases a few of the products in which I have played a lead role in both strategy and design on a multidisciplinary product team.

A screenshot of the home page for earbud.fm, a podcast recommendation site.

Earbud.fm
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
NPR Music: Songs We Love 2015
Role: design, front-end development
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News design

While the traditional article format can be an effective way to convey news and information, I believe it is important to let the content drive the form of the experience. Through an understanding of user needs and editorial goals, it is possible to think beyond the article, and develop design solutions tailored to the unique needs of a given context. In the following examples, I share instances in which I have played a lead design role in presenting news content in new and innovative ways.

A screenshot of a live debate fact check for a 2016 U.S. presidential debate

NPR Politics Annotations And Fact Checks
Role: strategy, design
Trump Ethics Monitor
Role: strategy, design

Sequential visual stories

Sequential visual stories are full-screen tappable experiences that mix multiple forms of media together to form a slide-based linear story. I have honed my use of this design approach as a way of presenting visual experiences in a responsive and interactive way. The sequential approach of presenting ideas one slide at a time provides the benefit of maintaining editorial control over the rhythm of the narrative, without sacrificing interactivity or the ability for the user to control the pace of the experience.

A screenshot of the title card for a story titled Demolished about public housing in Chicago.

Demolished
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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This Is Color
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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What Do Homeless Veterans Look Like?
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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The Unthinkable
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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What Does Music Look Like?
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Audio narratives

Finding ways to present engaging audio storytelling online is challenging. The web is a screen-based medium with a visual bias. When presented online, it is not uncommon for audio stories to be converted to text, transformed into a video, or offered up as a download. This is unfortunate. Telling stories with sound is incredibly powerful and can work well online if done in the right way.

To create engaging online audio storytelling, I believe that visuals need to be tightly integrated into the flow of the story, but not in a way that overpowers the sound. When building audio-driven experiences for the web, my goal is to augment and enhance the sound with subordinate visuals that encourage focused listening. The following stories are an expression of that desire.

A screenshot of the title card for a story titled Lost And Found about a photographer named Charles Cushman

Lost And Found
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Drowned Out
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Boomtown
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Photo essays

I was incredibly lucky to have the opportunity to work on the design of several photo essays with a photojournalist as talented as the late David Gilkey. He trusted the Visuals team with his work, which allowed us to design experiences that went beyond treating photography as isolated elements on the page.

My goal in the design of these photo essays was to create a unified story experience that reflected the same editorial intention found in his photography.

Instead of treating photography and text as separate elements, I strived to create photo-driven narratives in which tightly integrated text provided the connection between scenes. The success of these photo essays rests in the ability of the text and interface to get out of the way of the photography, and let the powerful images speak for themselves.

A screenshot of Wolves At The Door, a story about wolves in Montana

Wolves At The Door
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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Buzkashi
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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WebVR and binaural audio

Using web technology to build virtual reality projects offers exciting possibilities. Unlike building a VR project as an app for a specific platform like Oculus Rift, using an open specification like WebVR lowers the barrier to experiencing a story in virtual reality. From HTC Vive to Daydream to Google Cardboard, or just a standard web browser, WebVR projects work across platforms and devices.

As a designer and developer, I’m a big believer in open standards and have benefited greatly from knowledge shared in the open source community. When it came time to build an immersive story about geology and the sights and sounds of Rocky Mountain National park told with binaural audio and 360° images, I prioritized building the story in an open way.

A screenshot of the title card for Stand At The Edge Of Geologic Time, a WebVR story about the sights, sounds, geology of Rocky Mountain National Park

Stand At The Edge Of Geologic Time
Role: strategy, design, front-end development
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